Yes, probably. It depends on the effect. Which way did you mark it wrong and did the result affect what you coulda woulda claimed.
Checking yes means you do not qualify for the more generous American Opportunity credit(AOC) ($2500 max) and TurboTax (TT) gave you (usually) the less generous Lifetime learning credit (LLC) ($2000 max). You are not required to amend, but you probably want to, to get more money back. The amount could easily be more than $500. For example, $4000 of expenses gets you $2500 AOC but only $800 LLC (it takes $10,000 expenses to get the maximum $2000 LLC).
Checking no means you do qualify for the American Opportunity credit and you probably need to pay back some of the credit.
