He has to file the income and expenses of his tattoo shop on a Schedule C.
As for his trucking business, if it was not active in 2024, there is nothing to report.
Startup costs include any amounts paid or incurred in connection with creating an active trade or business or investigating the creation or acquisition of an active trade or business. Organizational costs include the costs of creating a corporation or partnership.
You can elect to deduct up to $5,000 of start-up costs in the year in which the active trade or business begins. Any remaining costs must be amortized.
You can also elect not to deduct those startup costs and amortize them. Startup costs are amortized over a period of 180 months (15 years).
Please read this IRS document for more information, under the heading Business Startup Costs.
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