You would find these amounts on your Schedule A for Itemized Deductions. I have included a link to a blank copy so you can see what it looks like. The total amount of itemized deductions are then transferred to Line 40 of Form 1040.
https://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-pdf/f1040sa.pdf
A couple of things (1) you will need to have more total itemized deductions than the standard deduction ($6,350 if single, $12,700 if married filing jointly) in order to use itemized deductions (otherwise TurboTax will use the standard deduction for you and you may not have a Schedule A) and (2) deductions only reduce your taxable income - they won't provide you with a direct refund of the amounts you paid for mortgage/property taxes.
