No. There is no "credit" or deduction for child support paid as such. If you're allowed to claim your children according to a divorce decree, then you can claim the dependents and get the corresponding credits allowed.
If, however, you're not able to claim them according to the divorce, you may still be able to claim EIC and Child Care Credits if you're the custodial parent (i.e. the child lives with you more nights than the spouse).
Bottom line, child support is not deductible when paid and not taxable when received.
