If you are filing a joint tax return with your wife, and both your wife and child have SSNs and green cards, then you can claim your child as a dependent for 2024. (Even though she did not live in your home, I assume she lived with your wife.)
However, if you decide to file as married filing separately, you can't claim your child since the child did not live with you. But there seems to be no reason to file as married filing separately under the circumstances.
