Deductions & credits

I realize its a calculation which is why it is odd.  To answer your questions on the differences between 2023 and 2024.....lines 3 through 7 (minor difference in row 5 as the IRS changed it from 8760 to 8784) are the same.  Lines 37 through 41 are the same.  As a result, Line 42 makes no sense.