As a J-1 Scholar, you have two year exemption period, which is based on calendar years and not fiscal years. This means even though you spent a short period of time in the US in 2022, the exemption period will apply for the entire year and not part of the year.
You were exempt in 2023 by filing the 8833 but in 2024, you are a resident alien because you were in the US for the entire year and satisfied the conditions of the substantial presence test,
As a result, you cannot claim treaty benefits and not eligible to file form 8833.
[Edited 02/11/24|10:15 am PST]
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