California has a 1250 threshold for Dependents, 3100 for New York, so no, the student needn't file either state.
If the loss was not all used on the student's 2023 return (no the loss can't be saved for 2024) the loss carryover will be done on his/her 2024 federal return, therefore it will be reflected on the 2024 state return as well.
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