@Eddie242424 , I am assuming that you intend(ed) to raise article 23 of US-Israel Tax treaty and thereby make your wages / earnings as a researcher ( for public good ) immune from taxation for two years. But my worry is that for researchers & teachers usually the visa issued is J visa NOT H-1B ( which is usually for employment and tied to ONE employer at a time.
If your employer treats you as an employee ( under H-1B ), he will generally issue a W-2, withholding Federal, State and FICA taxes. You employer seems like is covering both ends by issuing you a blank W-2, withholding no taxes but complying with FICA regs , and issuing a 1042-S covering the earnings.
I suggest you get a clarification from your employer first as to your status I think you should have gotten a W-2 with no income taxes withheld if you intend to assert immunity from income taxation for the federal side. The states usually do NOT recognize US tax treaties and proceed with taxing your income anyway.
If you choose to file as a resident then TurboTax can help you prepare your return ( form 1040 but you will have to buy/ download the 2021 software and file by mail ). And there is a possibility that IRS or the State may impose " failure to file" penalty if you owe any monies.
Do you need more help esp. in finding the forms you would need or any other issue ?
pk
