It depends. He can still file single and claim the credit. This is an indicator that he can take the credit because of the signed 8332 but he can't take the Head of Household filing status because the child did not live as a member of his household for more than 1/2 year.
IRS will look at your return and his to determine the 8332 status based off of the answers in both your returns.
Keep in mind, if your child lived with you for more than 1/2 year, you can still claim the Earned income Credit. You don't need to claim he/she as a dependent to qualify for this credit. Here are the requirements.
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