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Deductions & credits
The calculation is considerably more complicated than that.
Really, the amount of the PTC (Premium Tax Credit) that you have to pay back depends on (1) the amount of income you estimated at the beginning of the year when you applied for the ACA insurance, and (2) the total amount of income that your tax family actually received at the end of the year.
This is described on form 8962.
Note that this calculation is on an annual basis, not month by month (even though it looks like it is). That is, if your income turned out to be too high at the end of the year, you have to pay back all the PTC, even if you might think that you deserved it for part of the year.
It is very confusing for taxpayers, in part, because the ACA, as you will recall, was hurriedly thrown together several years ago, and the changes since have not been trying to actually make it better.
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