Deductions & credits

I think I am looking at the right line. I don't have a very complicated situation when it comes to tax filings. Pretty straight forward. While I am no expert at this, its hard for me understand why I wouldn't have just taken the standard deductions and just run with it.

Now on my 2018 tax filings, I can see a section that says "Schedule A". See below:

Is that what you are referring to?

On the 1099-G question, I was entering the state tax return information from last year which got me started on this path. I think the section was trying to figure out if the state refund I got last year can be considered as income to be taxed. 

Thank you for taking the time to help me out. Appreciate it.