As long as you filed on or before the due date, you are considered as paying on time even if the money has not been deducted from your account yet. Your e-file transmission sheet proves you filed on time & entered your payment information. In the meantime, keep an eye on your bank account — if you still don't see the debit 7–10 days after your return has been accepted, call IRS e-file Payment Services at 1-888-353-4537 or contact your state tax agency, as appropriate.
