When it comes to the penalty, is all about the timing. If you do not pay your tax when due, they will charge you a penalty in addition to interest. The penalty may be waived if you can show reasonable cause for paying late. If you paid someone to file your 2018 tax return, they may be able to do this for you - they should anyway. They will usually wave it in cases like this, where it was a one-time transaction as long as you don't have a history of late payments, which it does not sound like you do. Please see Request penalty abatement for my client.
The penalty charge is:
- 0.5% of the unpaid amount for each month (or part of a month) it is not paid, up to a maximum of 25%
You incurred the tax in July but did not pay the tax until the following April, so they are charging (probably overcharging) you interest and penalties during that time period. See Penalty for underpaying your estimated tax from the NY state website.
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