Q. Where do I file as a resident, for 2024?
A. Technically, neither. You should file a part year resident return for both states.
If you had absolutely no income (e.g. interest on a savings account), after arriving in NY, you could probably get by filing only a MO resident return, as no tax will be due to NY, if you had no NY income. "NY income" is anything received will you were a NY resident, no matter where it came from.
