"I never earned a dime in my home state so filing wasn't an option."
Unfortunately, that's not true.
Your home state (your domicile state in tax terminology) can tax all your income, regardless of where you earn it.
Temporary absences for school or work do not constitute a change in domicile. For example, a resident of New Jersey who lives in Massachusetts temporarily to attend college, remains a resident of New Jersey for tax purposes.
Since your absences from home in 2022 were temporary in nature (you did not actually move to any other state), it appears that in fact you were at fault for not filing a 2022 tax return in your home state. That said, you were correct to file non-resident tax returns in states in which you earned income. Your home state will give you credit for the taxes you paid to non-resident states. But you must always file in your home state.
**Answers are correct to the best of my ability but do not constitute tax or legal advice.
