State tax filing

I think it's the "nonrefundable credit" part that's throwing me (and others) - how do we get that credit back? Is it not just via the same mechanisms that we get our overpayment refunds? If it's reducing our overall tax liability (so for me for 2024, that would make my tax liability $6,800), but I still paid $10k+ in 2024, my refund would then be $3,200 (+whatever else I overpaid via my paycheck)?