Tax withheld from your pay is "tax paid by you." An "entity" means some other tax-paying entity, such as an estate or trust.
See the instructions for Part I of the Form IT-112-R booklet as to what California income to enter. Note in particular the instructions for Line 24. I think you'll have to do the calculating yourself.
Remember that any portion of your income that you earned by working remotely from NY is NOT eligible for the credit, because it is not taxed by both states. It is taxed only by New York.
If you have excess CA withholding after completing your CA return, the excess will be refunded to you by CA.
**Answers are correct to the best of my ability but do not constitute tax or legal advice.
