1. If your Utah income is negative then I wouldn't bother to file with Utah UNLESS you received a 1099 showing the amount of rent that you received for the year. In that case you should file with Utah because they have no idea that your rental expenses are higher than your income unless you file.
2. As a California resident you are taxed on any income that you earn no matter what state you earn it in. California offers a credit for any taxes that you pay to another state to reduce your California tax bill so if you ever do have to pay taxes to Utah you will get credit for the taxes paid. But you will still have to declare the income in California. This year that's a bonus because you have a loss so you get to take that in California.
3. California's standard deduction is lower. $5,363 is the correct standard deduction for single or married filing separately.
@garrapatta
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