PA state tax, SUI tax, Philadelphia wage tax and tax on insurance

Hello everyone,

I was a Philadelphia resident for the last five months of 2023 before I moved to NJ. I have some questions on my W2 and refund.

1. This is my first time filing in a state that has a flat income tax rate. When I used TurboTax, it showed that I was getting no refund from PA. My state wage in box 16 of my W2 reads 22780. Box 17 is roughly 3.07% (flat state tax rate) and box 14 is roughly 0.07% (SUI tax rate) of the box 16 value. I am assuming that I am getting nothing back but I still wanted to confirm. Is this how it works for everyone? Does no one in PA get any state refunds? If so, what is the point of filing PA taxes?
2. My state wage in box 16 of my W2 reads 22780 (which had my insurance deducted from it already) but my local wage in box 18 reads 24320 (which is before insurance got deducted). The Philadelphia wage in box 19 is roughly 3.75% (Philadelphia wage tax rate) of the larger value of 24320 though. Is there any way I can get a partial refund on this since they taxed my insurance too? If so, how should I go about this?

Thanks,

UZ