You have a complicated situation.
If your husband moved to VA during the month of January, then for 2023 he is a part-year resident of both states. When one spouse is a part-year resident of CA, you must file your CA taxes using Form 540NR. If you file your federal return as MFJ, then you must use the same filing status on your CA return.
VA part-year residents who have income from both VA and another state must use VA Form 760PY. Choosing your VA filing status is a bit complicated. You can read the rules here regarding your options (click on "Part-year Residents"):
https://www.tax.virginia.gov/filing-status
CA Publication 1031, page 13, has a chart describing how to report income on CA Form 540NR when one spouse lives in CA, which is a community property state, and the other lives in a separate property state such as VA:
https://www.ftb.ca.gov/forms/2023/2023-1031-publication.pdf
Your husband's community property share of your income is considered CA-source income, and is thus taxable by CA. Your husband will have income taxable by both CA (because it is CA-sourced) and by VA (because he received it after becoming a VA resident). To prevent double-taxation, he may claim a credit on the CA return for the taxes paid to VA on the dollars taxed by both.
CA and VA are reverse-credit states. That means that the "other state credit" is claimed on the non-resident state return, which is the opposite of the usual practice whereby the resident state grants the credit. Your husband must claim the credit on the CA tax return. Virginia will not grant a credit for taxes paid to CA. I believe that for the reverse-credit to be correctly applied in TurboTax, your VA return should be completed before you do the CA return.
https://www.tax.virginia.gov/credit-for-taxes-paid-to-another-state#:~:text=To%20help%20prevent%20pa....
Be sure to double-check your returns before you submit them to make sure that all looks correct.
**Answers are correct to the best of my ability but do not constitute tax or legal advice.
