State tax filing

Yes, your income is subject to Michigan income tax.  Since you lived in Michigan for at least 183 days in 2023, by Michigan law you are considered a resident of Michigan for tax purposes.  This is known as being a statutory resident.  Residents of Michigan are subject to Michigan income tax on all their income.  Here is a link to the relevant Michigan statute:

https://www.legislature.mi.gov/(S(ukrls2bhfrctoszfwszhrpfi))/mileg.aspx?page=GetObject&objectname=mc...

**Answers are correct to the best of my ability but do not constitute tax or legal advice.