It sounds like you are a full-year resident of California, even though you were out of the state for a good part of the year. Here is a link to a Franchise Tax Board publication that explains how to determine whether you are a California resident for income tax purposes.
FTB Publication 1031, Guidelines for Determining Resident Status
One of the things that is discussed in the publication is the concept of domicile, which is different from residence. In most cases, if your domicile is in California you will be considered a California resident, even if you spend very little time there during the year. From what you said, it sounds like California is your domicile.
