Not sure if this problem is the same as the one I experienced but I had to login to Intuit as a guest to finally get the payment processed for the State e-file.
Do not login to intuit with your current account, Click on guest and complete the form. I just worked for me and I hope this solve the problem you're having.
Added Note: I also logged out of Google in my browser, so that Google Pay does not try to auto fill the form payment field. Restarted TurboTax and processed payment as guest.
