After you file

Not quite correct. you can deduct 2021 state estimates paid in 2022 and any balance due for 2021 or prior years paid in 2022 along with state taxes paid for 2022 in 2022. the limit is $10,000 unless married filing separately that has a limit of $5,000.

 

you can not deduct in 2022 state taxes paid in 2021 or 2021 or prior taxes paid in 2021

 

this should be in the tab for deductions and credits and then the section for estimates and other taxes paid.

state withholding comes from that form where you entered the income like w-2, 1099.  if you used Turbotax what payments did you miss that you need to amend?