After you file

Turbotax may offer to calculate a penalty, depending on your situation, but it is very common for the calculation to be off and for the IRS to send a bill anyway. (That's why it's called an estimated penalty.)  If you already did include a penalty, it would be on line 23 of form 1040.  You can call the IRS to make sure the new bill takes into account the estimated penalty you already paid.