It sounds like you likely chose to pay your TurboTax fees out of your Federal refund. A bank debit can occur in a couple of situations. Either your Federal refund has been delayed at the IRS for a prolonged period of time, or the IRS has reduced the refund amount to where it no longer covered the TurboTax fees.
You should have been getting emails asking you to pay as well as a notice that your bank account was about to be debited unless paid.
This FAQ explains more:
FAQ:
Why was my bank account auto-debited for TurboTax fees?
https://ttlc.intuit.com/replies/3302146
