Yes, when you amend your return and change your status from dependent to not a dependent, then your refund should increase.
As a dependent, you don't get credit for the personal exemption of $4,050. When you file as not a dependent, you get to deduct that money from your taxable income.
Check your amended return to make sure that everything has reported correctly. Box 4A should list $0 as your personal exemption, and Box 4C should show $4,050.
If this is not what you see on your Form 1040X, then you have made an error in creating the amendment. Follow SuperUser bluedeb's instructions below to undo the amendment, then recreate the 2016 return amendment following these steps.
https://ttlc.intuit.com/replies/5695642
