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The IRS page for Estimated Payments says "Generally, most taxpayers will avoid this penalty if they owe less than $1,000 in tax after subtracting their withholdings and credits, or if they paid at least 90% of the tax for the current year, or 100% of the tax shown on the return for the prior year, whichever is smaller."

 

Since I received a refund for 2021 tax return, based on the last part of the above sentence, I don't think I would be charged a penalty if I wait until I file my 2022 return and pay then. Is that correct?  If they would charge a penalty, how would they calculate the penalty?