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Yes, unfortunately as long as pre-tax and after-tax funds are mixed up each distribution/conversion will have a taxable part and a nontaxable part until the traditional IRA is empty.

Yes, you won't be able to perform the backdoor Roth since each conversion will have a taxable and nontaxable part.

@Blueberryblue

@town_james

Yes, you still have to amend your 2020 tax return to enter the nondeductible traditional IRA contribution for 2020 ($6,000). You cannot enter both contributions in your 2021 tax return, that is why you are getting the excess contribution penalty.

 If you didn’t recharacterize the contribution but made direct contributions to the traditional IRA then you will enter the nondeductible contributions like this on your 2021 tax return (you will have to enter this on your 2020 tax return as well for the 2020 contribution):

1. Click on "Search" on the top right and type “IRA contributions”  
2. Click on “Jump to IRA contributions"
3. Select “traditional IRA”
4. Answer “No” to “Is This a Repayment of a Retirement Distribution?”
5. Enter the amount you contributed of $6,000
6. Answer “No” to the recharacterized question on the “Did You Change Your Mind?” screen
7. Answer the next questions until you get to “Any Nondeductible Contributions to Your IRA?” and select “Yes” since you had a nondeductible contribution before this tax year.
8. Enter the $6,000 basis in the Traditional IRA from your 2020 Form 8606 line 14.
9. On the “Choose Not to Deduct IRA Contributions” screen choose “Yes, make part of my IRA contribution nondeductible” and enter the amount (if you have a retirement plan at work and are over the income limit it will be nondeductible automatically and you only get a warning and then a screen saying $0 is deductible).

@mouz

You will have to enter the $6,000 contribution made for 2020 on your 2020 tax return. TurboTax will create Form 8606 with the $6,000 basis on line 14 to carry to 2021. 

On the 2021 tax return, you will only enter the $6,000 contribution for 2021.

To enter the nondeductible contribution to the traditional IRA for 2021:

1. Login to your TurboTax Account 
2. Click on "Search" on the top right and type “IRA contributions” 
3. Click on “Jump to IRA contributions"
4. Select “traditional IRA”
5. Answer “No” to “Is This a Repayment of a Retirement Distribution?”
6. Enter the amount you contributed $6,000
7. Answer “No” to the recharacterized question on the “Did You Change Your Mind?” screen
8. Answer the next questions until you get to “Any Nondeductible Contributions to Your IRA?” and select “Yes” since you had a nondeductible contribution before this tax year.
9. Enter the $6,000 basis in the Traditional IRA from your 2020 Form 8606 line 14.
10. On the “Choose Not to Deduct IRA Contributions” screen choose “Yes, make part of my IRA contribution nondeductible” and enter the amount (if you have a retirement plan at work and are over the income limit it will be nondeductible automatically and you only get a warning and then a screen saying $0 is deductible).

To enter the 1099-R conversion: 

1. Click on "Search" on the top right and type “1099-R” 
2. Click on “Jump to 1099-R”
3. Click "Continue" and enter the information from your 1099-R
4. Answer questions until you get to “Tell us if you moved the money through a rollover or conversion” and choose “I converted some or all of it to a Roth IRA”
5. On the "Your 1099-R Entries" screen click "continue"
6. Answer "yes" to "Any nondeductible Contributions to your IRA?" if you had any nondeductible contributions in prior years.
7. Answer the questions about the basis from line 14 of your 2020 Form 8606 and the value of all traditional, SEP, and SIMPLE IRAs