"Unfortunately, my high deductible plan doesn't allow it." I have never heard of an HDHP that didn't allow you to form an HSA. Are you sure that you have an HDHP? Can you contact your insurance company and confirm that?
"I also have no W-2s since I'm self-employed." You don't have to have a W-2 to contribute to an HSA. Our answers generally cover W-2s because the vast majority of taxpayers with HDHP coverage are employees, however, you can make contributions directly to an HSA. You don't get quite the same tax break, but it's better than nothing. In the HSA interview, you can enter "personal" HSA contributions made to the HSA, not through the employer.
"At the question Tell Us About Your Health-Related Accounts, I choose None" - yes, that's fine.
"The next question asks: What Type of High deductible health plan did you have on Dec 1, 2020. I choose Self only since according to the information popup, I'm an eligible individual (whatever that means.)" - No, as I explained above, you need to answer NONE here, because you did not have an HSA in 2020 nor did you contribute to it. Really, in your case, NONE is the right answer.
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