You don't get back the amount of tax that was withheld from your unemployment payments. You get the amount of the tax calculated on your tax return that applies to the first $10,200 of your unemployment income. The tax that was withheld from your unemployment just gets added together with any other withholding that you had, such as from your paychecks, and the total tax withheld is applied to the total tax calculated on your tax return.
You won't hear anything from TurboTax. It's the IRS, not TurboTax, that is sending the refunds for the unemployment exclusion. TurboTax does not get any information about it from the IRS.
