The $10,000 max is for state taxes, such as withholding and real estate taxes. Take a look at the state withholding on your W-2 and add your property taxes (if any) to that amount. If the amount exceeds $10,000, then you are maxed out at this amount.
If you are single, your standard deduction is $12,000 ($24,000 if married) and so the standard deduction would be chosen for you in preference over your itemized deductions of $10,000.
Note: If you have other itemized deductions, when adding them, this situation may change.
