You described how to calculate the federal income tax - line 16 on the 1040.
However, there can be other taxes on your return, such as line 17 (1040) from Schedule 2, and line 23 (1040), also from Schedule 2.
A very common situation is that the taxpayer is successfully self-employed, but owes not only federal income tax but also self-employment taxes, which are roughly 15.3% of the next profit of the business. This can cause the tax due to be more than twice what the taxpayer would owe if this were just W-2 wages.
Please look at lines 16 to 24 on the 1040 and see if there is a number there that you do not understand.
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