It depends. Texas is one of a handful of states that still recognizes common law marriages. Therefore, if you meet the statute of a common law marriage, then, yes, you may file a return as Married Filing Joint.
Remember, though, that this does make you married in Texas, which also puts you under the Community Property Laws. The following website can help you to determine if your relationship qualifies as a common law marriage: http://guides.sll.texas.gov/common-law-marriage
Likewise, this website provides information on TX Community Property Law: https://www.prater-ridleylaw.com/Articles/How-does-community-property-law-work-in-Texas.shtml
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