You should probably call the IRS about tracking your payment. The IRS telephone number is 1-800-829-1040, and they are available from 7 a.m. – 7 p.m. Monday thru Friday. The best time to call is early in the morning.
You should probably also set up an Electronics Federal Tax Payments System (EFTPS) account for paying your quarterly taxes. https://www.eftps.gov/eftps/
With the EFPTS you can avoid mailing vouchers and you can also schedule direct withdrawals from your bank account ahead of time. I generally schedule payments a year at a time. Through the EFTPS account you can also view/review payments that you've already made. This could be of some help in your current situation.
Answers are correct to the best of my ability but do not constitute legal or tax advice.
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