Code 16 would signify scholarship income.
If the 1042-S is reporting the scholarship, and it is taxable, you can enter it in the Education Section under Deductions & Credits, but don't report a 1098-T if you didn't get one. Answer "No" that you didn't receive a 1098-T and "No" you don't have an exception, the screens that follow should allow you to enter the scholarship amount only. (without the 1098-T)
Yes, enter the tax withheld under "Estimates and Other Taxes Paid"
Your return should be eligible for e-filing. Since the amount from the 1042-S will be on line 1 of your 1040, there is no reason to mail that form in, but do keep a copy with your tax files.
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