You are correct that worker's compensation is not taxable and it should not be listed in box 5 of the SSA-1099 form. In fact, it should not listed on SSA-1099 at all, SSA-1099 is for social security retirement and disability payments only.
There is no way to adjust that on your tax return because worker's compensation is not listed on Form SSA-1099.
If you received social security disability, including back pay for 2017 and 2018, during 2019 that is all included on your SSA-1099 for 2019.
If you think your SSA-1099 is wrong, call the Social Security Administration.
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