You are a "Dual Status Alien" in 2016. That means you can check the box that you were a 'Resident of a Foriegn Country' to waive the penalty for the entire year of 2016.
If you do not have health insurance in 2017, you will be subject to the penalty unless you qualify for a different exemption.
However, TurboTax is not set up to do tax returns for a Dual Status Alien. You do have the option to make the election to be treated as a Resident for the entire year. TurboTax does not do that, you would need to manually do it and mail it with your tax return (it can not be e-filed through TurboTax).
https://www.irs.gov/publications/p519/ch01.html#en_US_2015_publink1000222177
However, being treated as a full-year Resident also means you would need to enter
all of your
Worldwide income, even before you came to the US. If you do not want to do that, I would recommend going to a tax professional that is
experienced with Nonresident Aliens.
http://taxexperts.naea.org/
