No. The two possible ways to claim someone both involve residency. A parent will always have the bigger right if there is a dispute as to who can claim the child. See below. The child is not related to you.
Qualifying Child
Relationship — the taxpayer’s child or
stepchild (whether by blood or adoption), foster child, sibling or
step-sibling, or a descendant of one of these.
Residence — has the same principal residence as
the taxpayer for more than half the tax year. Exceptions apply, in certain
cases, for children of divorced or separated parents, kidnapped children,
temporary absences, and for children who were born or died during the year.
Age — must be under the age of 19 at the end of
the tax year, or under the age of 24 if a full-time student for at least five
months of the year, or be permanently and totally disabled at any time during
the year.
Support — did not provide more than one-half of
his/her own support for the year.
