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Hey, and yes you can. Fortunately, Texas is one of the states that recognize common law marriages and will allow a non-biological parent to claim his partner's children as dependents. Of course there are stipulations like the children would have to have lived with you for at least 6 months out of the tax year and if your filing separately then I would suggest you file head of household, and if she gives you no qualms about filing then go right ahead it's well within your right and that's pert Texas state law.