If it's coming in email, also check your email spam/junk/trash folders in case it's ending up there. See the article below for more info and some alternatives. At the end you will also see a way to "Try something else" which doesn't use codes.
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When you go to retrieve the code, do NOT close the original screen
where you are asked for the code. You have to keep the verification
screen open while you use a second tab or second window
to retrieve the code from your email. Then you enter it in the screen
that you left open. If you close that original screen, it resets
everything, and the code will be seen as "expired."
If you'd rather get text messages, see if you can do this? If your return is open, see if you can click on MY ACCOUNT and
then go into Account Settings and update info in the Profile tab, then go to the Security tab. Then scroll to "Two-Step
Verification". You may be able to switch to text messages to get the
code.
If you are unable to use email or text messages to get the code, does the interface where it asks for the code have a link "Get help signing in?" If so, on the next screen should be an option to "Try Something Else". That should offer you a different method.
Also read this FAQ and see if any of the info is helpful:
https://ttlc.intuit.com/replies/4576376
