Filing separately automatically disqualifies the Premium Tax Credit (except for cases of spousal abuse or abandonment).
However, if the Advance credit needs to be fully repaid anyways (such as if their combined income is over 400% of the FPL), filing separately can sometimes reduce the total repayment. That is because if one or both of the SEPARATE incomes are below 400% of the FPL, the repayment is limited (see Table 5).
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