Do you have proof that your originally e-filed return was accepted by the IRS? I would expect you have an e-mail that specifically stated it was accepted. That would be separate from the e-mail that says it was successfully sent to the IRS.
Depending on when you e-filed the original return, it may take a week or so before they make the withdrawal. However, if you providing the wrong routing number and/or account number, or if the account had insufficient funds at the time of their withdrawal attempt, obviously the payment would fail. When that happens, the IRS sends you a letter that you receive in the mail 3-4 weeks after their failed attempt for the automatic withdrawal.
