if the $10K is on the 5329 is a penalty. not an income tax payment probably 10% of the missed RMD.
you took the 2023 RMD distribution in 2024 during the correction period, so you should report it on your 2024 tax return. The RMD is considered a distribution from the previous year, so it should be reported in the year it was taken. This is important to ensure that you are accurately reflecting your income and any applicable penalties or interest on the RMD.
the IRS can waive the entire penalty but that requires a statement as to the reasonable cause for the failure and only the amount of penalty you are not waiving would be on the 5329. It's probably best at this point to consult with a tax pro.
