You can make an estimated tax payment anytime. It's best to make it around the same time that you do the transfer to avoid being penalized for paying late. (For calculating penalties, withholding is treated as if it was withheld evenly throughout the year, regardless of when it was actually withheld. Estimated tax payments are treated as being made on the actual date of the payment.)
The easiest way to make an estimated tax payment is to use Direct Pay on the IRS web site, to make the payment from a bank account.
We cannot tell you how much to pay. It depends on the amount that you transfer, your other income, and other factors. Any withholding or estimated tax payment is just a deposit towards the total amount of tax you will have to pay for the year. It's not really tied to any specific income. You are always, in effect, estimating your total tax for the year.
