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@bgoodreau01 "kiddie tax" could only occur if the child COULD BE a dependent of the parents.  And from what you state, that could still be possible. 

 

Be mindful that the measurement is that the student provides more than 50% of his own expenses FOR THE YEAR.  The fact they he provided more than 50% from the point he was employed forward is immaterial and NOT the right way to look at this.   I think there is more work to do to determine whether your grandson COULD BE a dependent of his parents in 2025. 

 

if your grandson is determined not to be a dependent, then he would be subject to the tax rate when adding his income plus the $30,000 - that could still kick him into a higher tax bracket.  He would have to do the math to determine.  .