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@Arneoker   Here's the authoritative literature, IRS Regulation 26 CFR § 1.901-1 - Allowance of credit for foreign income taxes.  Nowhere does it require a tax treaty with Columbia.

Once again, as @pk said, if the pension disbursed the funds to your wife in 2025 and withheld Colombia income taxes in 2025, you must report the taxable portion of the disbursement in your 2025 tax return.  It's not a choice.

26 CFR § 1.901-1 - Allowance of credit for foreign income taxes. | Electronic Code of Federal Regula...

(a) In general. Citizens of the United States, domestic corporations, certain aliens resident in the United States or Puerto Rico, and certain estates and trusts may choose to claim a credit, as provided in section 901, against the tax imposed by chapter 1 of the Internal Revenue Code (Code) for certain taxes paid or accrued to foreign countries and possessions of the United States, subject to the conditions prescribed in this section.

(1) Citizen of the United States. An individual who is a citizen of the United States, whether resident or nonresident, may claim a credit for—

(i) The amount of any foreign income taxes, as defined in § 1.901-2(a), paid or accrued (as the case may be, depending on the individual's method of accounting for such taxes) during the taxable year;

(ii) The individual's share of any such taxes of a partnership of which the individual is a member, or of an estate or trust of which the individual is a beneficiary; and

(iii) In the case of an individual who has made an election under section 962, the taxes deemed to have been paid under section 960 (see § 1.962-1(b)(2)).

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And here is an article from the IRS on Foreign Tax Credit – Choosing to take credit or deduction and Form 1116 instructions on how to deduct income taxes paid to a foreign country as an itemized deduction (on Line 6, Other Taxes, not Line 5, SALT; therefore, not subject to the $10,000 SALT limitation).  It's not "authoritative" but most taxpayers do follow them, especially when they don't contradict the tax law;

Foreign Tax Credit – Choosing to take credit or deduction | Internal Revenue Service

Making the choice

You can choose whether to take the amount of any qualified foreign taxes paid or accrued during the year as a foreign tax credit or as an itemized deduction. You can change your choice for each year's taxes.

To choose the foreign tax credit, you generally must complete Form 1116, Foreign Tax Credit and attach it to your U.S. tax return

It is generally better to take a credit for qualified foreign taxes than to deduct them as an itemized deduction. 

This is because:

1. A credit reduces your actual U.S. income tax on a dollar-for-dollar basis, while a deduction reduces only your income subject to tax,
2. You can choose to take the foreign tax credit even if you do not itemize your deductions. You then are allowed the standard deduction in addition to the credit, and
3. If you choose to take the foreign tax credit, and the taxes paid or accrued exceed the credit limit for the tax year, you may be able to carry over or carry back the excess to another tax year.

Instructions for Schedule A (2024) | Internal Revenue Service

Line 6