The IRS doesn't process credit card payments. That is outsourced to another company.
How did you make your payment? Inside Turbotax when you e-filed? When did you e-file?
I would start by contacting your CC bank, they might have blocked the transaction. In that case, you can make a direct payment at www.irs.gov/payments.
Then, I would call Turbotax customer support and ask to verify that you did include the CC number on your e-file. If you had a typo in the number or security code, the transaction would not go through. You can make a direct payment instead.
But, I would be careful not to make an extra direct payment until you can verify that your intended payment failed, because if you make a payment and then the first payment goes through, it will take several weeks/months for the IRS to send the duplicate payment back.
