Yes, you enter the earnings from box 2a for "Corrective distributions made before the due date of the return".
Yes, you can enter $0 for Roth IRA contributions since you withdrew them all. Another option is to enter the Roth IRA contribution and then enter on the penalty screen that you withdrew the excess contribution by the due date.
Since you have $0 earnings on your Form 1099-R with code PJ you do not need to amend your 2023 return. Only earnings would be taxable. Therefore, your 2023 return would not change and TurboTax would only add an explanation statement to your 2023 return.
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